1- What is Preposition
Preposition means place before. It is
a word used before a noun or pronoun to connect its relation to another person
or thing.
(1)
He
cut his apple with knife.
TYPES OF PREPOSITIONS
1.1- Simple Preposition
A preposition which consists of a
single word is called simple preposition.
(1)
She
put the balls on the table.
1.2- Compound Preposition
A compound preposition is a two- or
three-word phrase that functions as a single preposition. These are formed by
combining a simple preposition with another preposition or a noun or an
adjective or an adverb or a conjunction.
(1)
This
item is out of stock now.
(2)
A
pronoun is used in place of a noun.
(3)
She
resides in front of my house.
(4)
Apart from
Maggie, everyone attended the party.
(5)
She
agreed because of her generous heart.
1.3- Participle Preposition
A verb ending in ‘ing’ or ‘ed’ that
functions as a preposition is called a participle preposition. They do not
function as verb or gerund.
(1)
You
will have to pay full price including tax.
(2)
Do
you have any question regarding prepositions.
(3)
I
will help you, provided that you remain honest.
(4)
Given the
high price of petrol, I had to sale out my car.
FUNCTIONS OF PREPOSITIONS
Prepositions usually refer to time
and place.
1- Preposition of Time
Preposition of time (in, on, at)
indicates when an event occurred.
IN
‘In’ is used to indicate months,
years, seasons and parts of day.
(1)
In June
(2)
In the
evening
On
‘On’ is used to indicate the days of
week, specific dates and parts of a day with a day of the week.
(1)
On Monday
(2)
On 14th
August
(3)
On Monday
morning
AT
‘At’ is used to indicate specific
o’clock time, times of day and holiday periods.
(1)
At 8
o’clock,
(2)
At sunset,
At noon
(3)
At
Christmas
2- Preposition of Place
Most common prepositions of place
(in, on, at) indicate the position or location of something.
IN
‘In’ is used to indicate enclosed
areas, cities or countries.
(1)
The
parrot is in the cage.
(2)
Tom
lives in London.
ON
‘On’ is used to indicate surfaces or
ways.
(1)
The
vase is on the shelf.
(2)
Tom
was roaming on road last night.
AT
‘At’ is used to indicate specific
points and addresses.
(1)
The
girl was standing at bus stop.
(2)
The
conference was at Sheikh Zayed University.
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE
A group of words whose head word is a
preposition is called a prepositional phrase.
(1)
The
children were playing in the park.
1- Prepositional Phrase as Adjunct
A prepositional phrase functions as
adjunct when it appears at the end of a sentence.
(1)
They
jumped into the pond.
2- Prepositional Phrase as Disjunct
A prepositional phrase functions as disjunct
when it appears at the beginning of a sentence.
(1)
According to news agency, Pakistan is making progress.
(2)
With due respect, I beg to state that I cannot learn prepositions.
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